{"id":12118,"date":"2022-07-22T17:32:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T17:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/?p=12118"},"modified":"2023-06-14T13:41:14","modified_gmt":"2023-06-14T13:41:14","slug":"how-cystic-fibrosis-affects-fertility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/how-cystic-fibrosis-affects-fertility\/","title":{"rendered":"How cystic fibrosis affects fertility"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Research shows that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4819317\/\">97% to 98%<\/a> of males with cystic fibrosis (CF) are infertile. Though the genetic disease impacts the reproductive organs in various ways, it is still possible to have biological children with the help of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/assisted-reproductive-technology-art\/\">assisted reproductive technology (ART)<\/a>. This article will discuss what causes cystic fibrosis, how cystic fibrosis can affect fertility, and the different treatment options available for conceiving with cystic fibrosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-2-1024x793.png\" alt=\"what is cystic fibrosis? diagram of cystic fibrosis\" class=\"wp-image-13990\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is cystic fibrosis?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that affects the body&#8217;s cells, tissues, and glands, causing&nbsp; damage to the lungs, digestive system, and other organs in the body.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Targeting the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive fluids, the progressive disease thickens secretions in the body. This causes long-lasting lung infections, inflammation, persistent coughing, and shortness of breath. It can also affect a person\u2019s growth and slow weight gain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, there are approximately <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cff.org\/intro-cf\/about-cystic-fibrosis\">40,000 children and adults<\/a> living with cystic fibrosis in the United States. The disease can affect people of any gender or racial\/ethnic group.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Though people with cystic fibrosis require daily care, improvements in treatment have made it possible for those with CF to attend school, explore careers, have children, and lead fulfilling lives well into adulthood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What causes cystic fibrosis?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in a gene known as the&nbsp; \u201ccystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator\u201d gene (CFTR gene). The CFTR gene is located on chromosome 7. These mutations change the way the body moves salt in and out of cells, resulting in thick, sticky mucus in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems, as well as excess salt in sweat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is cystic fibrosis inherited?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to have cystic fibrosis, a person must have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthlinkbc.ca\/health-topics\/cystic-fibrosis-carrier-screening\">inherited<\/a> two defective CFTR genes, one from each parent. If a person had inherited only one defective CFTR gene, they are considered a carrier of the disease. Carriers can pass the gene mutations on to their children. The chance of inheriting the CFTR gene or developing cystic fibrosis is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If one parent has cystic fibrosis and the other parent is a carrier, there is a 50% chance their child will have cystic fibrosis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If both parents carry one copy of the mutated CFTR gene, there is a 25% chance that the child will have cystic fibrosis and a 50% chance the child will be a carrier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If only one parent is a carrier of a defective CFTR gene, the child will not have cystic fibrosis, but there is a 50% chance that the child will be a carrier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk factors for cystic fibrosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The biggest risk factor for cystic fibrosis is family history. Although the inherited disease occurs in all races and ethnic groups, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1569199310001013\">data<\/a> shows that cystic fibrosis is more common in white people of Northern European ancestry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How cystic fibrosis affects fertility&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Though most men with cystic fibrosis are diagnosed with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/symptoms-of-male-infertility\/\">infertility<\/a>, they are typically not sterile, because their body can produce sperm. In fact, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cff.org\/managing-cf\/fertility-men-cf\">90%<\/a> of people with cystic fibrosis have normal sperm production in the testes. Infertility related to cystic fibrosis stems from a missing sperm duct, called the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/the-importance-of-the-vas-deferens\/\">vas deferens<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-1024x715.png\" alt=\"cystic fibrosis causes male-factor infertility in 98% of men\" class=\"wp-image-13991\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-1024x715.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-768x536.png 768w, https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-1536x1072.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/cystic-fibrosis-male-fertility-2048x1430.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Congenital absence of the vas deferens in cystic fibrosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This condition is called congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/cavd-congenital-absence-of-vas-deferens\/\">CBAVD<\/a>. \u201cCongenital\u201d means the person was born with the condition, and \u201cbilateral\u201d means the vas deferens is missing on both testes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The vas deferens is the duct that transports sperm from the testicles, where they\u2019re produced, to ejaculatory ducts, where sperm combine with semen before ejaculation. Without vas deferens, sperm can\u2019t get to the semen. This makes it impossible for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg through intercourse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most people with cystic fibrosis have normal sexual desire and sexual function, but a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/sperm-analysis\/\">semen analysis<\/a> will typically find <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/azoospermia-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment\/\">azoospermia<\/a>, or a lack of sperm in the semen. The absence of sperm can also contribute to men with cystic fibrosis having <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/low-semen-volume\/\">low semen volume<\/a> and thin ejaculate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other genitourinary abnormalities associated with cystic fibrosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamapediatrics\/article-abstract\/503497\">Research<\/a> shows that males with cystic fibrosis may also have other abnormalities, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hydrocele<\/strong>. Hydrocele is a swelling of the scrotum due to fluid buildup around the testes. This condition could affect fertility in cases where the hydrocele is infected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inguinal hernia<\/strong>. This type of hernia happens in the groin, and is typically surgically repaired. If there are complications during this surgical repair, risk of infertility is even <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27915384\/\">higher<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infertility in cystic fibrosis carriers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Even if a person doesn\u2019t have cystic fibrosis, carrying a mutated CFTR gene is associated with an increased risk of infertility. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fertstert.org\/article\/S0015-0282(10)00308-0\/fulltext\">Research<\/a> has shown that men with azoospermia were more than twice as likely to be CF carriers, compared to fertile men. Some men who carry just one copy of the CFTR gene <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5745269\/\">may also<\/a> have CBAVD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, it\u2019s recommended that all patients with azoospermia be screened with genetic testing to determine whether or not they carry CFTR gene mutations. This can also help couples take steps to prevent passing cystic fibrosis on to their children, if they so choose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>If you\u2019re a cystic fibrosis carrier or you have a history of cystic fibrosis in your family, it\u2019s a good idea to check your fertility health with a <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/sperm-analysis\/\"><em>semen analysis<\/em><\/a><em>, and explore cystic fibrosis testing options.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fertility treatments for males with cystic fibrosis and CBAVD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>With the help of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/assisted-reproductive-technology-art\/\">assisted reproductive technology (ART)<\/a>, it is usually possible for a person with cystic fibrosis to conceive a child. Sperm retrieval directly from the testes can side-step the missing vas deferens; the sperm can then be injected directly into an egg to facilitate fertilization. Let\u2019s explore the most common fertility treatments for males with cystic fibrosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sperm extraction or aspiration for men with cystic fibrosis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sperm extraction or aspiration is a process by which sperm is removed surgically from the testicles. So long as a person with cystic fibrosis is producing healthy sperm, a sperm extraction can provide an option for conceiving a genetic child. Sperm extraction procedures include:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA)<\/strong>. MESA is a surgical approach for extracting sperm from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/epididymis\/\">epididymis<\/a>, the structure in the testes in which sperm is stored. During this procedure, the patient is under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the scrotal skin to expose the testes and epididymis, and then uses a surgical microscope to retrieve as much sperm as possible.<br><br>MESA has a high success rate. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/referencework\/9780128151457\/encyclopedia-of-reproduction\">Research<\/a> shows that sperm is successfully retrieved in 96\u2013100% of cases, typically yielding 15\u201395 million sperm.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA)<\/strong>. Similar to MESA, PESA is a procedure used to extract sperm from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/epididymis\/\">epididymis<\/a>. However, instead of using an incision, PESA uses a needle to puncture the skin of the scrotum.<br><br>The procedure typically retrieves smaller quantities of sperm (usually thousands to millions of sperm). Though PESA is seen as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8039579\/\">less reliable<\/a> than MESA, some individuals choose PESA as it\u2019s simpler, uses local anesthetic instead of general, and costs less.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Testicular sperm extraction (TESE)<\/strong>. TESE is similar to MESA, but tissue is removed from the testicle and examined to extract as much sperm as possible. TESE is typically performed in an operating room under general anesthesia, though it can also be performed in a physician\u2019s office with local anesthesia alone.<br><br>The difference between MESA and TESE is that <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article\/30\/4\/761\/616420\">more spermatozoa can be obtained<\/a> in the former, but the MESA procedure is more time consuming and surgically challenging than TESE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After sperm is collected from one of the procedures above, it can be used for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/fertility-glossary\/in-vitro-fertilization-ivf\/\">IVF<\/a> with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/icsi\/\">ICSI<\/a>. IVF is a procedure in which eggs are then retrieved from the ovaries surgically, mixed with sperm in a controlled vessel for fertilization, and then transferred back to the uterus for pregnancy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/icsi\/\">ISCI<\/a> is an IVF technique. In this technique, instead of mixing millions of sperm with the extracted eggs, a single sperm is injected into an egg to facilitate fertilization. This is valuable for those with low sperm count \u2014 as only one sperm is needed for fertilization \u2014 or those with poor sperm motility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Often, sperm retrieved directly from the testes has lower motility <em>and<\/em> there are fewer sperm to work with, so ICSI is necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preimplantation genetic testing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If a person with cystic fibrosis wants to have children with someone who\u2019s also a CF carrier, embryo genetic testing is valuable. Embryos that are created with IVF can be tested for specific gene disorders before they are transferred back to the uterus for pregnancy. This allows parents to select healthy embryos that aren\u2019t affected by cystic fibrosis, if they so choose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cystic fibrosis carrier screening&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Also known as cystic fibrosis genetic testing, cystic fibrosis carrier screening is a test that examines a person\u2019s DNA to determine if they are a carrier of one of the gene mutations that causes cystic fibrosis. The test can help prospective parents determine if they have a chance of having a child born with the genetic disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are over 1,000 mutations in the CFTR gene associated with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis testing can identify the most common of these. Cystic fibrosis carrier testing is typically done via a blood or saliva sample.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who should test for the CFTR gene mutations?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Anyone can check if they\u2019re a carrier of the CFTR gene. There are some individuals for which testing is highly recommended including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>People who have a family history of cystic fibrosis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Those whose partner has cystic fibrosis, is a carrier, or has a family history of the disease<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>People who have a medical condition that may be related to cystic fibrosis, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/supporting-your-partner-through-a-diagnosis-of-male-factor-infertility\/\">male factor infertility<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Those who have received <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/you-got-abnormal-semen-analysis-results-what-now\/\">abnormal semen analysis results<\/a>, such as azoospermia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cystic fibrosis testing, along with other carrier testing, is also often recommended for couples who are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/mens-guide-to-trying-to-conceive\/\">trying to conceive<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What if my cystic fibrosis carrier test results are normal\/negative?&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If a carrier screening test does not identify a cystic fibrosis-related mutation, you will most likely not have a child with cystic fibrosis. If your partner is a CF carrier, your child may be (though they won\u2019t have cystic fibrosis, since it requires gene mutations from both parents).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A caveat: A routine screening might not detect rare mutations, so there is still a <em>very<\/em> small possibility that you may be a carrier, especially if you have a family history of the disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All newborns are tested for the genetic disorder as part of the newborn screening (NBS) initiative in the US.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I have been diagnosed as a cystic fibrosis carrier. What should I do?&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you test positive as a carrier of the cystic fibrosis-related gene mutations, it doesn\u2019t mean you have cystic fibrosis. However, if your partner is also a carrier, there is a chance that your child could have cystic fibrosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If tests show that <strong>you<\/strong> are a CF carrier but your partner is <strong>not<\/strong>, there is a very slim chance that you will have a child with the disease. However, your child could be a CF carrier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you and your partner are <strong>both<\/strong> carriers, there is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthlinkbc.ca\/health-topics\/cystic-fibrosis-carrier-screening\">25%<\/a> (1 in 4) chance that your child will have cystic fibrosis. In this case, it is recommended that you consult a fertility specialist or seek genetic counseling before trying to conceive. IVF with embryo genetic testing \u2014 as described above \u2014 can help you identify healthy embryos that aren\u2019t affected by cystic fibrosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you or your partner are already pregnant and you find out you\u2019re both carriers, prenatal testing of your fetus for cystic fibrosis is available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Remember, even if you and your partner are both CF carriers, it\u2019s possible (and likely) that you\u2019ll be able to have a healthy baby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How can I check my own fertility?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Since many individuals do not find out that they are cystic fibrosis carriers until they encounter fertility issues, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/male-fertility-testing\/\">checking your fertility<\/a> early is a good first step in family planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/how-it-works\/\">at-home sperm testing kit<\/a> is an easy way to measure key factors of sperm health and take steps to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/sperm-improvement\/\">improve your fertility<\/a>. Legacy\u2019s mail-in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/sperm-analysis\/\">semen analysis<\/a> tests for crucial semen parameters, including volume, count, concentration, motility, and morphology. It is the most scientifically advanced at-home semen test, performed in CLIA-certified labs by a team of experienced scientists and thoroughly received by medical staff.&nbsp;<br>If you are having trouble conceiving, checking your fertility can help you diagnose or rule out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/how-infertility-is-diagnosed\/\">male fertility issues<\/a>. If you discover that cystic fibrosis gene mutations are at the root of these issues, consider seeing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/resources\/what-to-expect-at-your-first-reproductive-endocrinology-appointment\/\">fertility specialist<\/a> to help you outline the various treatment options that can help you start a family with success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Looking to learn more about cystic fibrosis and fertility? Our guide will break down how CF impacts male fertility, as well as outline male fertility treatment options.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":12120,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"How cystic fibrosis affects fertility - male fertility | Legacy","_seopress_titles_desc":"Looking to learn more about cystic fibrosis and fertility? Our guide will break down how CF impacts male fertility, as well as outline male fertility treatment options.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[61,18,125,210],"tags":[356,280,311,357,206,13,316],"class_list":["post-12118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infertility","category-improving-sperm-health","category-medical-infertility","category-medical","tag-cftr","tag-cystic-fibrosis","tag-genetic-infertility","tag-genetic-testing","tag-genetics","tag-male-factor-infertility","tag-preimplantation-genetic-testing"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12118"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12118"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17516,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12118\/revisions\/17516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.givelegacy.com\/vnext\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}