How does gender-affirming surgery, such as vaginoplasty or vulvoplasty, affect fertility?

Gender-affirming surgery for trans women typically includes orchiectomy, the removal of the testes. Orchiectomy will result in irreversible, total sterility.

If you plan to undergo vaginoplasty, vulvoplasty, or orchiectomy and may want a biological child in the future, we highly recommend freezing at least 3 semen samples to maximize the chances of creating a healthy pregnancy.